Histological evidence of MAPK pathway activation across subtypes of adult orbital xanthogranulomatous disease irrespective of the detection of oncogenic mutations

Sanne Emilie Detiger, A D A Paridaens, P G Kemps, A G S van Halteren, P Martin van Hagen, Jan van Laar, Robert M Verdijk

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer-review

Abstract

Adult orbital xanthogranulomatous disease (AOXGD) is a spectrum of histiocytoses with four subtypes. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway mutations have been detected in various histiocytic neoplasms, little is known about this in AOXGD. Targeted regions of cancer- and histiocytosis-related genes were analyzed and immunohistochemical staining of phosphorylated ERK (pERK), cyclin D1 and PU.1 was performed in 28 AOXGD and 10 control xanthelasma biopsies to assess MAPK pathway activation.

Mutations were detected in 7/28 (25%) patients. Positive staining for pERK and/or cyclin D1 was found across all subtypes in 17/27 (63%) patients of whom 12/17 (71%) did not harbour a mutation. Xanthelasma tissue stained negative for pERK and cyclin D1. Relapse occurred in 5/7 (71%) patients with a MAPK pathway mutation compared to 8/21 (38%) patients in whom no mutation could be detected.

Molecular analysis and evaluation for systemic disease is warranted to identify patients at risk of recurrent xanthomatous disease.
Original languageEnglish
Article number110299
JournalClinical Immunology
Volume265
Publication statusPublished - 1 Aug 2024

Keywords

  • Adult orbital xanthogranuloma
  • Adult-onset asthma and periocular xanthogranuloma
  • Erdheim-Chester disease
  • Histiocytic neoplasms
  • MAPK pathway
  • Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma

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